{"id":774757,"date":"2024-06-12T11:55:23","date_gmt":"2024-06-12T11:55:23","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/talkpal.ai\/vocabulary\/%d0%ba%d0%bd%d0%b8%d0%b3%d0%b0-kniga-vs-%d1%82%d0%b5%d1%82%d1%80%d0%b0%d0%b4%d1%8c-tetrad-%eb%9f%ac%ec%8b%9c%ec%95%84%ec%96%b4%eb%a1%9c-%eb%90%9c-%ec%b1%85%ea%b3%bc-%ea%b3%b5%ec%b1%85\/"},"modified":"2024-06-12T11:55:23","modified_gmt":"2024-06-12T11:55:23","slug":"%d0%ba%d0%bd%d0%b8%d0%b3%d0%b0-kniga-vs-%d1%82%d0%b5%d1%82%d1%80%d0%b0%d0%b4%d1%8c-tetrad-%eb%9f%ac%ec%8b%9c%ec%95%84%ec%96%b4%eb%a1%9c-%eb%90%9c-%ec%b1%85%ea%b3%bc-%ea%b3%b5%ec%b1%85","status":"publish","type":"vocabulary","link":"https:\/\/talkpal.ai\/ko\/vocabulary\/%d0%ba%d0%bd%d0%b8%d0%b3%d0%b0-kniga-vs-%d1%82%d0%b5%d1%82%d1%80%d0%b0%d0%b4%d1%8c-tetrad-%eb%9f%ac%ec%8b%9c%ec%95%84%ec%96%b4%eb%a1%9c-%eb%90%9c-%ec%b1%85%ea%b3%bc-%ea%b3%b5%ec%b1%85\/","title":{"rendered":"\u041a\u043d\u0438\u0433\u0430 (kniga) vs. \u0422\u0435\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0434\u044c (tetrad&#8217;) &#8211; \ub7ec\uc2dc\uc544\uc5b4\ub85c \ub41c \ucc45\uacfc \uacf5\ucc45"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>\ub7ec\uc2dc\uc544\uc5b4\ub294 \ub9e4\uc6b0 \uc544\ub984\ub2f5\uace0 \ubcf5\uc7a1\ud55c \uc5b8\uc5b4\ub85c, \ub2e4\uc591\ud55c \uc5b4\ud718\uc640 <a href=\"https:\/\/talkpal.ai\/grammar\/\">\ubb38\ubc95<\/a> \uaddc\uce59\uc744 \uac00\uc9c0\uace0 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \ub7ec\uc2dc\uc544\uc5b4\ub97c \ud559\uc2b5\ud558\uba74\uc11c \uc790\uc8fc \ub9c8\uc8fc\uce58\uac8c \ub418\ub294 \ub2e8\uc5b4 \uc911 \ub450 \uac00\uc9c0\ub294 \ubc14\ub85c <b>\u041a\u043d\u0438\u0433\u0430<\/b> (kniga)\uc640 <b>\u0422\u0435\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0434\u044c<\/b> (tetrad&#8217;)\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc774 \ub450 \ub2e8\uc5b4\ub294 \uac01\uac01 &#8216;\ucc45&#8217;\uacfc &#8216;\uacf5\ucc45&#8217;\uc744 \uc758\ubbf8\ud558\uba70, \ud559\uc2b5\uc790\uc5d0\uac8c \ub9e4\uc6b0 \uc720\uc6a9\ud55c \ub2e8\uc5b4\ub4e4\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc774 \uae00\uc5d0\uc11c\ub294 \uc774 \ub450 \ub2e8\uc5b4\uc758 \uc758\ubbf8, \uc0ac\uc6a9\ubc95, \uadf8\ub9ac\uace0 \ucc28\uc774\uc810\uc5d0 \ub300\ud574 \uc790\uc138\ud788 \uc54c\uc544\ubcf4\uaca0\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<h2>\u041a\u043d\u0438\u0433\u0430 (kniga) &#8211; \ucc45<\/h2>\n<p><b>\u041a\u043d\u0438\u0433\u0430<\/b>\ub294 &#8216;\ucc45&#8217;\uc744 \uc758\ubbf8\ud558\ub294 \ub7ec\uc2dc\uc544\uc5b4 \ub2e8\uc5b4\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc774 \ub2e8\uc5b4\ub294 \ubaa8\ub4e0 \uc885\ub958\uc758 \ucc45\uc744 \uc9c0\uce6d\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\uc73c\uba70, \ubb38\ud559 \uc791\ud488, \uad50\uacfc\uc11c, \ucc38\uace0\uc11c, \uc18c\uc124 \ub4f1 \ub2e4\uc591\ud55c \ud615\ud0dc\uc758 \ucc45\uc744 \ud3ec\ud568\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4. <b>\u041a\u043d\u0438\u0433\u0430<\/b>\ub294 \ub7ec\uc2dc\uc544\uc5b4 \ud559\uc2b5\uc790\uc5d0\uac8c \ub9e4\uc6b0 \uc911\uc694\ud55c \ub2e8\uc5b4\ub85c, \ucc45\uc744 \ud1b5\ud574 \ub9ce\uc740 \uc9c0\uc2dd\uacfc \uc815\ubcf4\ub97c \uc5bb\uc744 \uc218 \uc788\uae30 \ub54c\ubb38\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<p>\uc608\ub97c \ub4e4\uc5b4:<br \/>\n&#8211; \u042f \u0447\u0438\u0442\u0430\u044e \u0438\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0441\u043d\u0443\u044e <b>\u043a\u043d\u0438\u0433\u0443<\/b>. (\ub098\ub294 \uc7ac\ubbf8\uc788\ub294 \ucc45\uc744 \uc77d\uace0 \uc788\uc5b4.)<br \/>\n&#8211; \u0423 \u043c\u0435\u043d\u044f \u0435\u0441\u0442\u044c \u043c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e <b>\u043a\u043d\u0438\u0433<\/b> \u043f\u043e \u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0438. (\ub098\ub294 \uc5ed\uc0ac\uc5d0 \uad00\ud55c \ucc45\uc774 \ub9ce\uc544.)<\/p>\n<p>\uc774\ucc98\ub7fc <b>\u043a\u043d\u0438\u0433\u0430<\/b>\ub294 \ub2e4\uc591\ud55c \ub9e5\ub77d\uc5d0\uc11c \uc0ac\uc6a9\ub420 \uc218 \uc788\uc73c\uba70, \ub3c5\uc11c\ub97c \ud1b5\ud574 \uc5b4\ud718\ub825\uacfc \ubb38\ud574\ub825\uc744 \ud5a5\uc0c1\uc2dc\ud0a4\ub294 \ub370 \ud070 \ub3c4\uc6c0\uc774 \ub429\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<h3>\u041a\u043d\u0438\u0433\u0430\uc758 \ud65c\uc6a9<\/h3>\n<p><b>\u041a\u043d\u0438\u0433\u0430<\/b>\ub294 \ub7ec\uc2dc\uc544\uc5b4 \ubb38\uc7a5\uc5d0\uc11c \ub2e4\uc591\ud55c \ud615\ud0dc\ub85c \ud65c\uc6a9\ub420 \uc218 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uba85\uc0ac\ub85c\uc11c, \ubb38\uc7a5\uc758 \uc8fc\uc5b4, \ubaa9\uc801\uc5b4, \ub610\ub294 \ub2e4\ub978 \uc5ed\ud560\uc744 \ud560 \uc218 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \ub2e4\uc74c\uc740 \uba87 \uac00\uc9c0 \uc608\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<p>1. \uc8fc\uc5b4\ub85c \uc0ac\uc6a9:<br \/>\n&#8211; <b>\u041a\u043d\u0438\u0433\u0430<\/b> \u043b\u0435\u0436\u0438\u0442 \u043d\u0430 \u0441\u0442\u043e\u043b\u0435. (\ucc45\uc774 \ucc45\uc0c1 \uc704\uc5d0 \ub193\uc5ec \uc788\ub2e4.)<\/p>\n<p>2. \ubaa9\uc801\uc5b4\ub85c \uc0ac\uc6a9:<br \/>\n&#8211; \u042f \u043a\u0443\u043f\u0438\u043b \u043d\u043e\u0432\u0443\u044e <b>\u043a\u043d\u0438\u0433\u0443<\/b>. (\ub098\ub294 \uc0c8 \ucc45\uc744 \uc0c0\ub2e4.)<\/p>\n<p>3. \uc18c\uc720\uaca9\uc73c\ub85c \uc0ac\uc6a9:<br \/>\n&#8211; \u041e\u0431\u043b\u043e\u0436\u043a\u0430 <b>\u043a\u043d\u0438\u0433\u0438<\/b> \u043a\u0440\u0430\u0441\u0438\u0432\u0430\u044f. (\ucc45\uc758 \ud45c\uc9c0\uac00 \uc544\ub984\ub2f5\ub2e4.)<\/p>\n<p>\uc774\ucc98\ub7fc <b>\u043a\u043d\u0438\u0433\u0430<\/b>\ub294 \ubb38\uc7a5\uc5d0\uc11c \ub2e4\uc591\ud55c \ud615\ud0dc\ub85c \ud65c\uc6a9\ub418\uba70, \ubb38\ub9e5\uc5d0 \ub530\ub77c \ubcc0\ud615\ub420 \uc218 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<h2>\u0422\u0435\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0434\u044c (tetrad&#8217;) &#8211; \uacf5\ucc45<\/h2>\n<p><b>\u0422\u0435\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0434\u044c<\/b>\ub294 &#8216;\uacf5\ucc45&#8217;\uc744 \uc758\ubbf8\ud558\ub294 \ub7ec\uc2dc\uc544\uc5b4 \ub2e8\uc5b4\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uacf5\ucc45\uc740 \ub178\ud2b8\ubd81, \ud544\uae30\uc7a5 \ub4f1\uc73c\ub85c \ubc88\uc5ed\ub420 \uc218 \uc788\uc73c\uba70, \uc8fc\ub85c \ud559\uad50\ub098 \uc9c1\uc7a5\uc5d0\uc11c \ud544\uae30\ud560 \ub54c \uc0ac\uc6a9\ub429\ub2c8\ub2e4. <b>\u0422\u0435\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0434\u044c<\/b>\ub294 \ud559\uc2b5\uc790\uc5d0\uac8c \ub9e4\uc6b0 \uc720\uc6a9\ud55c \ub3c4\uad6c\ub85c, \ud559\uc2b5 \ub0b4\uc6a9\uc744 \uae30\ub85d\ud558\uace0 \ubcf5\uc2b5\ud558\ub294 \ub370 \ud070 \ub3c4\uc6c0\uc774 \ub429\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<p>\uc608\ub97c \ub4e4\uc5b4:<br \/>\n&#8211; \u041c\u043d\u0435 \u043d\u0443\u0436\u043d\u0430 \u043d\u043e\u0432\u0430\u044f <b>\u0442\u0435\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0434\u044c<\/b> \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0443\u0447\u0435\u0431\u044b. (\ub098\ub294 \uacf5\ubd80\ub97c \uc704\ud574 \uc0c8 \uacf5\ucc45\uc774 \ud544\uc694\ud574.)<br \/>\n&#8211; \u0423 \u0442\u0435\u0431\u044f \u0435\u0441\u0442\u044c <b>\u0442\u0435\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0434\u044c<\/b> \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0437\u0430\u043c\u0435\u0442\u043e\u043a? (\ub108\ub294 \uba54\ubaa8\ud560 \uacf5\ucc45\uc774 \uc788\ub2c8?)<\/p>\n<p>\uc774\ucc98\ub7fc <b>\u0442\u0435\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0434\u044c<\/b>\ub294 \ud559\uc2b5\uacfc \uad00\ub828\ub41c \ub2e4\uc591\ud55c \uc0c1\ud669\uc5d0\uc11c \uc0ac\uc6a9\ub420 \uc218 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<h3>\u0422\u0435\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0434\u044c\uc758 \ud65c\uc6a9<\/h3>\n<p><b>\u0422\u0435\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0434\u044c<\/b>\ub294 \ub7ec\uc2dc\uc544\uc5b4 \ubb38\uc7a5\uc5d0\uc11c \ub2e4\uc591\ud55c \ud615\ud0dc\ub85c \ud65c\uc6a9\ub420 \uc218 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uba85\uc0ac\ub85c\uc11c, \ubb38\uc7a5\uc758 \uc8fc\uc5b4, \ubaa9\uc801\uc5b4, \ub610\ub294 \ub2e4\ub978 \uc5ed\ud560\uc744 \ud560 \uc218 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \ub2e4\uc74c\uc740 \uba87 \uac00\uc9c0 \uc608\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<p>1. \uc8fc\uc5b4\ub85c \uc0ac\uc6a9:<br \/>\n&#8211; <b>\u0422\u0435\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0434\u044c<\/b> \u043b\u0435\u0436\u0438\u0442 \u043d\u0430 \u0441\u0442\u043e\u043b\u0435. (\uacf5\ucc45\uc774 \ucc45\uc0c1 \uc704\uc5d0 \ub193\uc5ec \uc788\ub2e4.)<\/p>\n<p>2. \ubaa9\uc801\uc5b4\ub85c \uc0ac\uc6a9:<br \/>\n&#8211; \u042f \u043a\u0443\u043f\u0438\u043b \u043d\u043e\u0432\u0443\u044e <b>\u0442\u0435\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0434\u044c<\/b>. (\ub098\ub294 \uc0c8 \uacf5\ucc45\uc744 \uc0c0\ub2e4.)<\/p>\n<p>3. \uc18c\uc720\uaca9\uc73c\ub85c \uc0ac\uc6a9:<br \/>\n&#8211; \u041e\u0431\u043b\u043e\u0436\u043a\u0430 <b>\u0442\u0435\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0434\u0438<\/b> \u043a\u0440\u0430\u0441\u0438\u0432\u0430\u044f. (\uacf5\ucc45\uc758 \ud45c\uc9c0\uac00 \uc544\ub984\ub2f5\ub2e4.)<\/p>\n<p>\uc774\ucc98\ub7fc <b>\u0442\u0435\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0434\u044c<\/b>\ub294 \ubb38\uc7a5\uc5d0\uc11c \ub2e4\uc591\ud55c \ud615\ud0dc\ub85c \ud65c\uc6a9\ub418\uba70, \ubb38\ub9e5\uc5d0 \ub530\ub77c \ubcc0\ud615\ub420 \uc218 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<h2>\u041a\u043d\u0438\u0433\u0430 vs. \u0422\u0435\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0434\u044c &#8211; \ube44\uad50 \ubc0f \ucc28\uc774\uc810<\/h2>\n<p><b>\u041a\u043d\u0438\u0433\u0430<\/b>\uc640 <b>\u0422\u0435\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0434\u044c<\/b>\ub294 \ub458 \ub2e4 \ud559\uc2b5\uacfc \uad00\ub828\ub41c \uc911\uc694\ud55c \ub3c4\uad6c\uc774\uc9c0\ub9cc, \uadf8 \uc6a9\ub3c4\uc640 \ubaa9\uc801\uc740 \ub2e4\ub985\ub2c8\ub2e4. <b>\u041a\u043d\u0438\u0433\u0430<\/b>\ub294 \uc8fc\ub85c \uc77d\uae30 \uc704\ud55c \uc790\ub8cc\ub85c \uc0ac\uc6a9\ub418\uba70, \ub2e4\uc591\ud55c \uc8fc\uc81c\uc640 \ub0b4\uc6a9\uc744 \ub2f4\uace0 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \ubc18\uba74\uc5d0, <b>\u0442\u0435\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0434\u044c<\/b>\ub294 \uc8fc\ub85c \ud544\uae30\uc640 \uae30\ub85d\uc744 \uc704\ud55c \ub3c4\uad6c\ub85c \uc0ac\uc6a9\ub429\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<p>\uc608\ub97c \ub4e4\uc5b4:<br \/>\n&#8211; <b>\u041a\u043d\u0438\u0433\u0430<\/b>\ub97c \ud1b5\ud574 \uc0c8\ub85c\uc6b4 \uc9c0\uc2dd\uc744 \uc5bb\uace0, <b>\u0442\u0435\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0434\u044c<\/b>\uc5d0 \uadf8 \uc9c0\uc2dd\uc744 \uae30\ub85d\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<br \/>\n&#8211; \uc218\uc5c5 \uc911\uc5d0 <b>\u0442\u0435\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0434\u044c<\/b>\uc5d0 \ud544\uae30\ud55c \ub0b4\uc6a9\uc744 \ubcf5\uc2b5\ud560 \ub54c <b>\u043a\u043d\u0438\u0433\u0430<\/b>\ub97c \ucc38\uace0\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<p>\uc774\ucc98\ub7fc <b>\u043a\u043d\u0438\u0433\u0430<\/b>\uc640 <b>\u0442\u0435\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0434\u044c<\/b>\ub294 \uc0c1\ud638 \ubcf4\uc644\uc801\uc778 \uc5ed\ud560\uc744 \ud558\uba70, \ud568\uaed8 \uc0ac\uc6a9\ud558\uba74 \ud559\uc2b5 \ud6a8\uc728\uc744 \ub192\uc77c \uc218 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<h3>\u041a\u043d\u0438\u0433\u0430\uc640 \u0422\u0435\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0434\u044c\uc758 \uc0ac\uc6a9 \uc608\uc2dc<\/h3>\n<p>\ub2e4\uc74c\uc740 <b>\u043a\u043d\u0438\u0433\u0430<\/b>\uc640 <b>\u0442\u0435\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0434\u044c<\/b>\ub97c \ud568\uaed8 \uc0ac\uc6a9\ud558\ub294 \uc608\uc2dc\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; \ub098\ub294 \ub7ec\uc2dc\uc544\uc5b4 \uad50\uacfc\uc11c(<b>\u043a\u043d\u0438\u0433\u0430<\/b>)\ub97c \uc77d\uace0, \uc911\uc694\ud55c \ub0b4\uc6a9\uc744 \uacf5\ucc45(<b>\u0442\u0435\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0434\u044c<\/b>)\uc5d0 \ud544\uae30\ud55c\ub2e4.<br \/>\n&#8211; \uc5ed\uc0ac \ucc45(<b>\u043a\u043d\u0438\u0433\u0430<\/b>)\uc744 \uc77d\uc73c\uba74\uc11c, \uc911\uc694\ud55c \uc0ac\uac74\uc744 \uacf5\ucc45(<b>\u0442\u0435\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0434\u044c<\/b>)\uc5d0 \uc815\ub9ac\ud55c\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<p>\uc774\ucc98\ub7fc <b>\u043a\u043d\u0438\u0433\u0430<\/b>\uc640 <b>\u0442\u0435\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0434\u044c<\/b>\ub294 \ud559\uc2b5\uc5d0 \uc788\uc5b4 \ub9e4\uc6b0 \uc911\uc694\ud55c \ub3c4\uad6c\ub85c, \ud568\uaed8 \uc0ac\uc6a9\ud558\uba74 \ud559\uc2b5 \ud6a8\uacfc\ub97c \uadf9\ub300\ud654\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<h2>\u041a\u043d\u0438\u0433\u0430\uc640 \u0422\u0435\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0434\u044c\uc758 \uc911\uc694\uc131<\/h2>\n<p><b>\u041a\u043d\u0438\u0433\u0430<\/b>\uc640 <b>\u0422\u0435\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0434\u044c<\/b>\ub294 \ud559\uc2b5 \uacfc\uc815\uc5d0\uc11c \ub9e4\uc6b0 \uc911\uc694\ud55c \uc5ed\ud560\uc744 \ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4. <b>\u041a\u043d\u0438\u0433\u0430<\/b>\ub294 \uc0c8\ub85c\uc6b4 \uc9c0\uc2dd\uacfc \uc815\ubcf4\ub97c \uc81c\uacf5\ud558\uba70, \ub3c5\uc11c\ub97c \ud1b5\ud574 \uc5b4\ud718\ub825\uacfc \ubb38\ud574\ub825\uc744 \ud5a5\uc0c1\uc2dc\ud0ac \uc218 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \ubc18\uba74\uc5d0, <b>\u0442\u0435\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0434\u044c<\/b>\ub294 \ud559\uc2b5 \ub0b4\uc6a9\uc744 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