{"id":1119304,"date":"2025-07-04T03:12:43","date_gmt":"2025-07-04T03:12:43","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/talkpal.ai\/grammar\/%eb%8f%99%ec%82%ac-%eb%b6%84%ec%82%ac\/"},"modified":"2025-07-04T03:12:43","modified_gmt":"2025-07-04T03:12:43","slug":"%eb%8f%99%ec%82%ac-%eb%b6%84%ec%82%ac","status":"publish","type":"grammar","link":"https:\/\/talkpal.ai\/ko\/grammar\/%eb%8f%99%ec%82%ac-%eb%b6%84%ec%82%ac\/","title":{"rendered":"\ub3d9\uc0ac \ubd84\uc0ac"},"content":{"rendered":"

\ub3d9\uc0ac<\/a> \ubd84\uc0ac\ub294 \uc601\uc5b4<\/a> \ubb38\ubc95\uc5d0\uc11c \ub9e4\uc6b0 \uc911\uc694\ud55c \uc5ed\ud560\uc744 \ud558\ub294 \uc694\uc18c\ub85c, \ub2e4\uc591\ud55c \ubb38\uc7a5 \uad6c\uc870\uc640 \uc758\ubbf8 \ud45c\ud604\uc5d0 \ud544\uc218\uc801\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4. \ub3d9\uc0ac \ubd84\uc0ac\ub97c \uc815\ud655\ud788 \uc774\ud574\ud558\uace0 \ud65c\uc6a9\ud558\ub294 \uac83\uc740 \uc601\uc5b4 \uc2e4\ub825 \ud5a5\uc0c1\uc5d0 \ud070 \ub3c4\uc6c0\uc774 \ub418\uba70, \uc774\ub294 \ud2b9\ud788 \uc601\uc5b4 \ud68c\ud654\uc640 \uc791\ubb38\uc5d0\uc11c \ub450\ub4dc\ub7ec\uc9d1\ub2c8\ub2e4. \ub3d9\uc0ac \ubd84\uc0ac\ub294 \ud604\uc7ac\ubd84\uc0ac\uc640 \uacfc\uac70\ubd84\uc0ac\ub85c \ub098\ub258\uba70, \uac01\uac01 \uace0\uc720\ud55c \ud615\ud0dc\uc640 \uc6a9\ubc95\uc744 \uac00\uc9c0\uace0 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. Talkpal\uacfc \uac19\uc740 \ud559\uc2b5 \ud50c\ub7ab\ud3fc\uc744 \ud65c\uc6a9\ud558\uba74 \ub3d9\uc0ac \ubd84\uc0ac\uc758 \uae30\ubcf8 \uac1c\ub150\ubd80\ud130 \uc2ec\ud654 \ud65c\uc6a9\ubc95\uae4c\uc9c0 \uccb4\uacc4\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \ubc30\uc6b8 \uc218 \uc788\uc5b4 \ud6a8\uacfc\uc801\uc778 \ud559\uc2b5\uc774 \uac00\ub2a5\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc774\ubc88 \uae00\uc5d0\uc11c\ub294 \ub3d9\uc0ac \ubd84\uc0ac\uc758 \uc815\uc758, \ud615\ud0dc, \uc6a9\ubc95, \uadf8\ub9ac\uace0 \uc790\uc8fc \ud63c\ub3d9\ud558\ub294 \ubd80\ubd84\uae4c\uc9c0 \uc0c1\uc138\ud558\uac8c \uc0b4\ud3b4\ubcf4\uaca0\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n

\ub3d9\uc0ac \ubd84\uc0ac\ub780 \ubb34\uc5c7\uc778\uac00?<\/h2>\n

\ub3d9\uc0ac \ubd84\uc0ac\ub294 \ub3d9\uc0ac\uc5d0\uc11c \ud30c\uc0dd\ub41c \ud615\ud0dc\ub85c, \ud615\uc6a9\uc0ac\ucc98\ub7fc \uba85\uc0ac\ub97c \uc218\uc2dd\ud558\uac70\ub098 \ub3d9\uc0ac\uc758 \uc77c\ubd80 \uc5ed\ud560\uc744 \ud558\uba70, \ud604\uc7ac\ubd84\uc0ac\uc640 \uacfc\uac70\ubd84\uc0ac \ub450 \uac00\uc9c0 \uc720\ud615\uc774 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n

\ud604\uc7ac\ubd84\uc0ac (Present Participle)<\/h3>\n

\ud604\uc7ac\ubd84\uc0ac\ub294 \uc77c\ubc18\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \ub3d9\uc0ac \uc6d0\ud615\uc5d0 -ing\ub97c \ubd99\uc5ec \ub9cc\ub4ed\ub2c8\ub2e4.
\n\uc608:
\n– run \u2192 running
\n– play \u2192 playing <\/p>\n

\ud604\uc7ac\ubd84\uc0ac\ub294 \ub2e4\uc74c\uacfc \uac19\uc740 \uc5ed\ud560\uc744 \ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.
\n– \ud615\uc6a9\uc0ac \uc5ed\ud560: \uba85\uc0ac\ub97c \uc218\uc2dd\ud560 \ub54c
\n \uc608: The running water (\ud750\ub974\ub294 \ubb3c)
\n– \uc9c4\ud589\ud615 \uc2dc\uc81c<\/a> \uad6c\uc131: be \ub3d9\uc0ac + \ud604\uc7ac\ubd84\uc0ac
\n \uc608: She is reading a book. (\uadf8\ub140\ub294 \ucc45\uc744 \uc77d\uace0 \uc788\ub2e4.)
\n– \ubd84\uc0ac\uad6c\ubb38\uc5d0\uc11c \uc8fc\uc808\uacfc \ubd80\uc18d\uc808\uc744 \uc5f0\uacb0\ud560 \ub54c
\n \uc608: Feeling tired, he went home. (\ud53c\uace4\ud574\uc11c \uadf8\ub294 \uc9d1\uc5d0 \uac14\ub2e4.) <\/p>\n

\uacfc\uac70\ubd84\uc0ac (Past Participle)<\/h3>\n

\uacfc\uac70\ubd84\uc0ac\ub294 \uaddc\uce59\ub3d9\uc0ac\uc758 \uacbd\uc6b0 \ub3d9\uc0ac \uc6d0\ud615\uc5d0 -ed\ub97c \ubd99\uc5ec \ub9cc\ub4e4\uba70, \ubd88\uaddc\uce59\ub3d9\uc0ac\ub294 \uac01\uae30 \ub2e4\ub978 \ud615\ud0dc\ub97c \uac00\uc9d1\ub2c8\ub2e4.
\n\uc608:
\n– talk \u2192 talked
\n– write \u2192 written
\n– go \u2192 gone <\/p>\n

\uacfc\uac70\ubd84\uc0ac\ub294 \ub2e4\uc74c\uacfc \uac19\uc740 \uc5ed\ud560\uc744 \ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.
\n– \uc644\ub8cc \uc2dc\uc81c<\/a> \uad6c\uc131: have + \uacfc\uac70\ubd84\uc0ac
\n \uc608: I have eaten lunch. (\ub098\ub294 \uc810\uc2ec\uc744 \uba39\uc5c8\ub2e4.)
\n– \uc218\ub3d9\ud0dc \uad6c\uc131: be \ub3d9\uc0ac + \uacfc\uac70\ubd84\uc0ac
\n \uc608: The book was written by her. (\uadf8 \ucc45\uc740 \uadf8\ub140\uc5d0 \uc758\ud574 \uc4f0\uc5ec\uc84c\ub2e4.)
\n– \ud615\uc6a9\uc0ac \uc5ed\ud560: \uba85\uc0ac\ub97c \uc218\uc2dd\ud560 \ub54c
\n \uc608: The broken window (\uae68\uc9c4 \ucc3d\ubb38) <\/p>\n

\ub3d9\uc0ac \ubd84\uc0ac\uc758 \ub2e4\uc591\ud55c \uc6a9\ubc95<\/h2>\n

\ub3d9\uc0ac \ubd84\uc0ac\ub294 \uc601\uc5b4 \ubb38\uc7a5\uc5d0\uc11c \ub9e4\uc6b0 \ub2e4\uc591\ud55c \uc5ed\ud560\uc744 \ud558\uba70, \ud2b9\ud788 \ubb38\uc7a5\uc758 \uc758\ubbf8\ub97c \ud48d\ubd80\ud558\uac8c \ub9cc\ub4dc\ub294 \ub370 \uae30\uc5ec\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc8fc\uc694 \uc6a9\ubc95\uc744 \uc0c1\uc138\ud788 \uc0b4\ud3b4\ubd05\uc2dc\ub2e4.<\/p>\n

1. \ud615\uc6a9\uc0ac \uc5ed\ud560<\/h3>\n

\ub3d9\uc0ac \ubd84\uc0ac\ub294 \uba85\uc0ac\ub97c \uc218\uc2dd\ud558\ub294 \ud615\uc6a9\uc0ac\ucc98\ub7fc \uc0ac\uc6a9\ub429\ub2c8\ub2e4.
\n– \ud604\uc7ac\ubd84\uc0ac: \uc8fc\ub85c \ub2a5\ub3d9\uc801\uc778 \uc758\ubbf8 \uc804\ub2ec
\n \uc608: The crying baby needs attention. (\uc6b0\ub294 \uc544\uae30\uac00 \uad00\uc2ec\uc774 \ud544\uc694\ud558\ub2e4.)
\n– \uacfc\uac70\ubd84\uc0ac: \uc8fc\ub85c \uc218\ub3d9\uc801\uc778 \uc758\ubbf8 \uc804\ub2ec
\n \uc608: The broken chair is in the corner. (\ubd80\uc11c\uc9c4 \uc758\uc790\uac00 \uad6c\uc11d\uc5d0 \uc788\ub2e4.) <\/p>\n

2. \uc9c4\ud589\ud615 \uc2dc\uc81c \ud45c\ud604<\/h3>\n

\ud604\uc7ac\ubd84\uc0ac\ub294 \ud604\uc7ac\uc9c4\ud589\ud615, \uacfc\uac70\uc9c4\ud589\ud615, \ubbf8\ub798\uc9c4\ud589\ud615 \ub4f1 \uc9c4\ud589\ud615 \uc2dc\uc81c \ud45c\ud604\uc5d0 \uc0ac\uc6a9\ub429\ub2c8\ub2e4.
\n\uc608:
\n– They are playing soccer. (\uadf8\ub4e4\uc740 \ucd95\uad6c\ub97c \ud558\uace0 \uc788\ub2e4.)
\n– She was studying all night. (\uadf8\ub140\ub294 \ubc24\uc0c8 \uacf5\ubd80\ud558\uace0 \uc788\uc5c8\ub2e4.) <\/p>\n

3. \uc644\ub8cc \uc2dc\uc81c \ubc0f \uc218\ub3d9\ud0dc \ud45c\ud604<\/h3>\n

\uacfc\uac70\ubd84\uc0ac\ub294 \uc644\ub8cc \uc2dc\uc81c\uc640 \uc218\ub3d9\ud0dc \ud45c\ud604\uc5d0 \uaf2d \ud544\uc694\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.
\n– \uc644\ub8cc \uc2dc\uc81c: have\/has\/had + \uacfc\uac70\ubd84\uc0ac
\n \uc608: We have finished the project. (\uc6b0\ub9ac\ub294 \ud504\ub85c\uc81d\ud2b8\ub97c \ub05d\ub0c8\ub2e4.)
\n– \uc218\ub3d9\ud0dc: be \ub3d9\uc0ac + \uacfc\uac70\ubd84\uc0ac
\n \uc608: The cake was baked by my mother. (\ucf00\uc774\ud06c\ub294 \uc5b4\uba38\ub2c8\uc5d0 \uc758\ud574 \uad6c\uc6cc\uc84c\ub2e4.) <\/p>\n

4. \ubd84\uc0ac\uad6c\ubb38\uc5d0\uc11c\uc758 \uc0ac\uc6a9<\/h3>\n

\ubd84\uc0ac\uad6c\ubb38\uc740 \ub450 \ubb38\uc7a5\uc744 \uc5f0\uacb0\ud558\uc5ec \ubb38\uc7a5\uc744 \uac04\uacb0\ud558\uac8c \ud558\ub294 \uc5ed\ud560\uc744 \ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.
\n– \ud604\uc7ac\ubd84\uc0ac \uad6c\ubb38: \uc8fc\uc5b4\uac00 \ub3d9\uc77c\ud560 \ub54c \ud589\ub3d9\uc774\ub098 \uc0c1\ud0dc\ub97c \ub367\ubd99\uc784
\n \uc608: Walking down the street, I met an old friend. (\uae38\uc744 \uac78\uc5b4\uac00\ub2e4\uac00 \ub098\ub294 \uc61b \uce5c\uad6c\ub97c \ub9cc\ub0ac\ub2e4.)
\n– \uacfc\uac70\ubd84\uc0ac \uad6c\ubb38: \uc218\ub3d9\uc801 \uc0c1\ud0dc\ub098 \uc644\ub8cc\ub41c \ub3d9\uc791\uc744 \ud45c\ud604
\n \uc608: Built in 1990, this building is very old. (1990\ub144\uc5d0 \uc9c0\uc5b4\uc9c4 \uc774 \uac74\ubb3c\uc740 \ub9e4\uc6b0 \ub0a1\uc558\ub2e4.) <\/p>\n

\ub3d9\uc0ac \ubd84\uc0ac\uc640 \ud63c\ub3d9\ud558\uae30 \uc26c\uc6b4 \uac1c\ub150<\/h2>\n

\ub3d9\uc0ac \ubd84\uc0ac\uc640 \ube44\uc2b7\ud55c \ubb38\ubc95 \uc694\uc18c\ub4e4\uc774 \uc788\uc5b4 \ud559\uc2b5\uc790\uac00 \ud63c\ub3d9\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc774\ub97c \uba85\ud655\ud788 \uad6c\ubd84\ud558\ub294 \uac83\uc774 \uc911\uc694\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n

1. \ub3d9\uba85\uc0ac\uc640\uc758 \ucc28\uc774<\/h3>\n

– \ub3d9\uba85\uc0ac(gerund)\ub294 \ub3d9\uc0ac\uc5d0 -ing\uac00 \ubd99\uc5b4 \uba85\uc0ac \uc5ed\ud560\uc744 \ud558\ub294 \ud615\ud0dc\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4.
\n– \ud604\uc7ac\ubd84\uc0ac\ub294 \ud615\uc6a9\uc0ac \uc5ed\ud560\uc774\ub098 \uc9c4\ud589 \uc2dc\uc81c\uc758 \uc77c\ubd80\ub85c \uc4f0\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4.
\n\uc608:
\n– Swimming is fun. (\uc218\uc601\uc740 \uc7ac\ubbf8\uc788\ub2e4.) \u2192 \ub3d9\uba85\uc0ac
\n– The swimming boy is my brother. (\uc218\uc601\ud558\ub294 \uc18c\ub144\uc740 \ub0b4 \ub3d9\uc0dd\uc774\ub2e4.) \u2192 \ud604\uc7ac\ubd84\uc0ac <\/p>\n

2. \ubd84\uc0ac\uc640 \ud615\uc6a9\uc0ac\uc758 \ucc28\uc774<\/h3>\n

\ub3d9\uc0ac \ubd84\uc0ac\ub294 \ub3d9\uc0ac\uc5d0\uc11c \ud30c\uc0dd\ub41c \ud615\uc6a9\uc0ac\uc774\uc9c0\ub9cc, \uc77c\ubc18 \ud615\uc6a9\uc0ac\uc640\ub294 \ub2e4\ub974\uac8c \uc2dc\uc81c\ub098 \ub2a5\ub3d9\/\uc218\ub3d9 \uc758\ubbf8\ub97c \ub0b4\ud3ec\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.
\n\uc608:
\n– a bored student (\uc9c0\ub8e8\ud574\ud558\ub294 \ud559\uc0dd) \u2192 \uacfc\uac70\ubd84\uc0ac
\n– a boring lecture (\uc9c0\ub8e8\ud55c \uac15\uc758) \u2192 \ud604\uc7ac\ubd84\uc0ac <\/p>\n

3. \uacfc\uac70\ubd84\uc0ac\uc640 \uacfc\uac70\ud615\uc758 \uad6c\ubcc4<\/h3>\n

\uacfc\uac70\ubd84\uc0ac\uc640 \uacfc\uac70\ud615\uc774 \uac19\uc740 \ud615\ud0dc\uc77c \ub54c\uac00 \ub9ce\uc544 \ud5f7\uac08\ub9b4 \uc218 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.
\n– \uacfc\uac70\ud615\uc740 \ub2e8\uc21c \uacfc\uac70 \uc2dc\uc81c\uc5d0 \uc0ac\uc6a9
\n– \uacfc\uac70\ubd84\uc0ac\ub294 \uc644\ub8cc \uc2dc\uc81c, \uc218\ub3d9\ud0dc \ub4f1\uc5d0 \uc0ac\uc6a9
\n\uc608:
\n– I cleaned the room yesterday. (\uccad\uc18c\ud588\ub2e4) \u2192 \uacfc\uac70\ud615
\n– The room was cleaned by me. (\uccad\uc18c\ub418\uc5c8\ub2e4) \u2192 \uacfc\uac70\ubd84\uc0ac <\/p>\n

\ub3d9\uc0ac \ubd84\uc0ac \ud559\uc2b5\uc744 \uc704\ud55c \ud301\uacfc Talkpal \ud65c\uc6a9\ubc95<\/h2>\n

\ub3d9\uc0ac \ubd84\uc0ac\ub294 \uc601\uc5b4 \ubb38\ubc95\uc5d0\uc11c \uc790\uc8fc \ub098\uc624\ub294 \ubd80\ubd84\uc774\ubbc0\ub85c \uccb4\uacc4\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \ud559\uc2b5\ud558\ub294 \uac83\uc774 \uc911\uc694\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4. \ub2e4\uc74c\uc740 \ud6a8\uacfc\uc801\uc778 \ud559\uc2b5 \ud301\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n

    \n
  • \uae30\ubcf8 \uac1c\ub150 \uc774\ud574\ud558\uae30:<\/strong> \ud604\uc7ac\ubd84\uc0ac\uc640 \uacfc\uac70\ubd84\uc0ac\uc758 \ud615\ud0dc\uc640 \uc6a9\ubc95\uc744 \uba85\ud655\ud788 \uad6c\ubd84\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/li>\n
  • \uc608\ubb38 \uc554\uae30 \ubc0f \ud65c\uc6a9:<\/strong> \ub2e4\uc591\ud55c \uc608\ubb38\uc744 \ud1b5\ud574 \ubb38\ub9e5\uc5d0\uc11c \uc5b4\ub5bb\uac8c \uc4f0\uc774\ub294\uc9c0 \uc775\ud799\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/li>\n
  • \ubd84\uc0ac\uad6c\ubb38 \uc5f0\uc2b5:<\/strong> \ubd84\uc0ac\uad6c\ubb38\uc744 \ub9cc\ub4e4\uc5b4 \ubcf4\uba74\uc11c \ubb38\uc7a5 \uac04\uacb0\ud654 \uc5f0\uc2b5\uc744 \ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/li>\n
  • \ud63c\ub3d9\ub418\ub294 \uac1c\ub150 \uad6c\ubd84:<\/strong> \ub3d9\uba85\uc0ac, \ud615\uc6a9\uc0ac, \uacfc\uac70\ud615\uacfc\uc758 \ucc28\uc774\ub97c \uba85\ud655\ud788 \uc778\uc9c0\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/li>\n
  • Talkpal \ud65c\uc6a9:<\/strong> Talkpal\uc740 \ub3d9\uc0ac \ubd84\uc0ac \ud559\uc2b5\uc5d0 \ud2b9\ud654\ub41c \ub2e4\uc591\ud55c \uac15\uc758\uc640 \uc2e4\uc2dc\uac04 \uc5f0\uc2b5 \ubb38\uc81c, \ub124\uc774\ud2f0\ube0c \ud29c\ud130\uc640\uc758 \ud68c\ud654 \uc5f0\uc2b5 \uae30\ub2a5\uc744 \uc81c\uacf5\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc774\ub97c \ud1b5\ud574 \uc774\ub860\uacfc \uc2e4\uc804\uc744 \ubcd1\ud589\ud558\uba70 \uc790\uc5f0\uc2a4\ub7fd\uac8c \ubd84\uc0ac \ud65c\uc6a9 \ub2a5\ub825\uc744 \ud0a4\uc6b8 \uc218 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

    \uacb0\ub860: \ub3d9\uc0ac \ubd84\uc0ac \ub9c8\uc2a4\ud130\ub85c \uac00\ub294 \uae38<\/h2>\n

    \ub3d9\uc0ac \ubd84\uc0ac\ub294 \uc601\uc5b4 \ud559\uc2b5\uc5d0\uc11c \uaf2d \uc219\ub2ec\ud574\uc57c \ud560 \ubb38\ubc95 \uc694\uc18c\ub85c, \ud604\uc7ac\ubd84\uc0ac\uc640 \uacfc\uac70\ubd84\uc0ac\uc758 \ud615\ud0dc\uc640 \ub2e4\uc591\ud55c \uc6a9\ubc95\uc744 \uc644\ubcbd\ud788 \uc774\ud574\ud558\ub294 \uac83\uc774 \uc911\uc694\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc774\ub97c \ud1b5\ud574 \ubb38\uc7a5 \ud45c\ud604\uc774 \ud48d\ubd80\ud574\uc9c0\uace0 \uc815\ud655\ub3c4\uac00 \ub192\uc544\uc9c0\uba70, \ud2b9\ud788 \ud68c\ud654\uc640 \uc791\ubb38\uc5d0\uc11c \uc790\uc5f0\uc2a4\ub7ec\uc6b4 \uc601\uc5b4 \uad6c\uc0ac\uac00 \uac00\ub2a5\ud574\uc9d1\ub2c8\ub2e4. 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