パッシブボイス（受動態）は英語の文法において重要な概念です。この形式は、行動を受ける側が主題になる時に使用され、話の焦点を行動の受け手に置いたり、行動の主体を明確にしない時に役立ちます。例えば、「The book was read by the student」という文では、「本」が主題であり、「学生」によって読まれたことが強調されます。
この演習では、受動態の形成と使用方法を練習することができます。動詞の時制ごとに受動態がどのように変化するか、またそれを適切な文脈でどう使うかを理解するのに役立ちます。それでは、以下に示された文を使って受動態の構造に慣れ親しんでいきましょう。
演習1: 受動態の形成
The windows *are cleaned* (by) every Saturday.
Many novels *were written* (by) the famous author.
A new shopping mall *is being built* (in) our city.
The cake *was eaten* (by) the children before the party started.
This song *has been sung* (by) many artists over the years.
Dinner *will be served* (at) 7 o’clock.
The old building *was demolished* (in) 1999.
A beautiful mural *has been painted* (on) the school wall.
All the tickets *had been sold* (by) the time we arrived.
The homework *must be completed* (by) tomorrow.
The stolen jewels *have never been found* (since) the heist.
An exciting game *is being watched* (by) thousands of fans right now.
The broken vase *had been repaired* (when) I got home.
The documentary *will be broadcast* (on) national television tonight.
New regulations *were implemented* (after) the incident.
演習2: 受動態の用法理解
The results of the survey *will be published* (next) week.
The mystery of the lost city *was never solved* (by) historians.
A talk on renewable energy *will be given* (by) an expert tomorrow.
The annual festival *is celebrated* (in) our town every September.
The treaty *was signed* (by) both countries to end the conflict.
All the ingredients *have to be mixed* (together) before baking.
The emergency procedures *were being revised* (when) the accident occurred.
The final decision *will be made* (by) the committee next Monday.
New safety standards *have been set* (following) recent studies.
The project *must be finished* (by) the end of this year.
The speech *was delivered* (by) the CEO at the annual meeting.
Exotic plants *are grown* (in) these greenhouses.
The funds *were raised* (by) a charity event last month.
A lot of mistakes *were made* (during) the construction of the bridge.
The money *had been stolen* (before) the bank alarm went off.
