シンプルパストとパストパーフェクトは英語の文法で最も基本的な時制の一つです。シンプルパストは過去に起きた一回限りの行動や状況を表します。たとえば、「昨日、私は映画を見た」という文は、その行動が過去に完了したことを示しています。一方、パストパーフェクトは現在の時点よりも前に起きた行動や出来事が、他の過去の行動よりも先に完了していたことを示すために使用します。例えば、「彼が到着する前に、私は食事の準備をしていた」という文は、食事の準備が彼の到着よりも前に完了していたことを表しています。
この演習では、シンプルパストとパストパーフェクトを使用した文を通じて、これらの時制の使い分けを練習します。文中の空欄に適切な動詞の形を入れ、シンプルパストとパストパーフェクトの違いを理解しましょう。適切な動詞形を考え、英語の時制の理解を深めてください。
Fill in the Blank Exercise: Simple Past vs. Past Perfect
When I arrived at the cinema, the film had already *started*. (始まる) [始まった]
She *finished* her work before she went to the gym. (終える) [終える]
He *did* not have any breakfast because he was late. (する) [する]
By the time we got to the station, the train had *left*. (去る) [去った]
They *missed* the bus because they forgot to check the timetable. (逃す) [逃した]
I had never *seen* such a beautiful sunset before that day. (見る) [見た]
After I *found* my keys, I was able to unlock the door. (見つける) [見つけた]
We *went* to Paris last summer. (行く) [行った]
She *did* all her homework and then she watched TV. (する) [した]
Before they came to the meeting, they had *prepared* the report. (準備する) [準備した]
He couldn’t remember her name because he had never *heard* it before. (聞く) [聞いた]
As soon as she *heard* the news, she called me. (聞く) [聞いた]
Laura *bought* a new dress last week. (買う) [買った]
I had already *eaten* by the time my friend arrived. (食べる) [食べた]
They *visited* the museum before they had lunch. (訪れる) [訪れた]
Fill in the Blank Exercise: Simple Past vs. Past Perfect – Exercise 2
By the time the teachers arrived, the students had already *taken* their seats. (取る) [取った]
The movie *started* at nine o’clock. (始まる) [始まった]
Had you ever *seen* such a large crowd before the festival? (見る) [見た]
She *did* not go out last night because she needed to study. (する) [した]
After the guests had *left*, we started to clean up the house. (去る) [去った]
The sun had *set* by the time we reached the top of the hill. (沈む) [沈んだ]
I wanted to visit the museum but it *closed* at five PM. (閉まる) [閉まった]
He *came* home, ate dinner, and then started working. (来る) [来た]
John had not *read* the book before the class discussion. (読む) [読んだ]
Julia *called* me after she had finished her project. (電話する) [電話した]
We had *visited* the Great Wall before we ended our trip in China. (訪れる) [訪れた]
Kate *wrote* a letter to her friend last month. (書く) [書いた]
I had never *tried* sushi until I went to Japan. (試す) [試した]
After it had *rained*, the air felt much fresher. (雨が降る) [雨が降った]
They *played* tennis and then they went for a walk. (遊ぶ) [遊んだ]