{"id":761533,"date":"2024-06-11T18:31:45","date_gmt":"2024-06-11T18:31:45","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/talkpal.ai\/vocabulary\/%d0%be%d0%b1%d1%8a%d1%8f%d1%81%d0%bd%d1%8f%d1%82%d1%8c-obyasnyat-vs-%d0%bf%d0%be%d1%8f%d1%81%d0%bd%d1%8f%d1%82%d1%8c-poyasnyat-selittaminen-vs-selventaminen-venajaksi\/"},"modified":"2024-06-11T18:31:45","modified_gmt":"2024-06-11T18:31:45","slug":"%d0%be%d0%b1%d1%8a%d1%8f%d1%81%d0%bd%d1%8f%d1%82%d1%8c-obyasnyat-vs-%d0%bf%d0%be%d1%8f%d1%81%d0%bd%d1%8f%d1%82%d1%8c-poyasnyat-selittaminen-vs-selventaminen-venajaksi","status":"publish","type":"vocabulary","link":"https:\/\/talkpal.ai\/fi\/vocabulary\/%d0%be%d0%b1%d1%8a%d1%8f%d1%81%d0%bd%d1%8f%d1%82%d1%8c-obyasnyat-vs-%d0%bf%d0%be%d1%8f%d1%81%d0%bd%d1%8f%d1%82%d1%8c-poyasnyat-selittaminen-vs-selventaminen-venajaksi\/","title":{"rendered":"\u041e\u0431\u044a\u044f\u0441\u043d\u044f\u0442\u044c (ob’yasnyat’) vs. \u041f\u043e\u044f\u0441\u043d\u044f\u0442\u044c (poyasnyat’) – Selitt\u00e4minen vs. selvent\u00e4minen ven\u00e4j\u00e4ksi"},"content":{"rendered":"

Ven\u00e4j\u00e4n kieli voi toisinaan olla haastavaa suomenkielisille oppijoille, erityisesti kun kyseess\u00e4 ovat synonyymiset verbit, jotka n\u00e4ytt\u00e4v\u00e4t ja kuulostavat samankaltaisilta, mutta joilla on hienovaraisia merkityseroja. T\u00e4ss\u00e4 artikkelissa k\u00e4sittelemme kahta t\u00e4llaista verbi\u00e4: \u043e\u0431\u044a\u044f\u0441\u043d\u044f\u0442\u044c<\/b> (ob’yasnyat’) ja \u043f\u043e\u044f\u0441\u043d\u044f\u0442\u044c<\/b> (poyasnyat’). Molemmat voidaan k\u00e4\u00e4nt\u00e4\u00e4 suomeksi sanalla selitt\u00e4\u00e4<\/b>, mutta niiden k\u00e4ytt\u00f6tilanteet ja s\u00e4vyt eroavat toisistaan.<\/p>\n

\u041e\u0431\u044a\u044f\u0441\u043d\u044f\u0442\u044c (ob’yasnyat’) – Selitt\u00e4minen<\/h2>\n

\u041e\u0431\u044a\u044f\u0441\u043d\u044f\u0442\u044c<\/b> on yleisempi ja laajemmin k\u00e4ytetty verbi, joka tarkoittaa jonkin asian selitt\u00e4mist\u00e4 tai<\/a> tekemist\u00e4 ymm\u00e4rrett\u00e4v\u00e4ksi. Sit\u00e4 k\u00e4ytet\u00e4\u00e4n tilanteissa, joissa halutaan antaa perusteellista tietoa tai avata jotakin k\u00e4sitett\u00e4 tai prosessia. Esimerkiksi:<\/p>\n

– \u0423\u0447\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c \u043e\u0431\u044a\u044f\u0441\u043d\u044f\u0435\u0442<\/b> \u043d\u043e\u0432\u0443\u044e \u0442\u0435\u043c\u0443. (Opettaja selitt\u00e4\u00e4 uuden aiheen.)
\n– \u042f \u043d\u0435<\/a> \u043c\u043e\u0433\u0443 \u043e\u0431\u044a\u044f\u0441\u043d\u0438\u0442\u044c<\/b> \u0442\u0435\u0431\u0435, \u043f\u043e\u0447\u0435\u043c\u0443 \u044d\u0442\u043e \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0438\u0437\u043e\u0448\u043b\u043e. (En voi selitt\u00e4\u00e4 sinulle, miksi t\u00e4m\u00e4 tapahtui.)<\/p>\n

\u041e\u0431\u044a\u044f\u0441\u043d\u044f\u0442\u044c<\/b> on siis verbi, joka korostaa selitt\u00e4mist\u00e4 ja ymm\u00e4rrett\u00e4v\u00e4ksi tekemist\u00e4. Se sopii hyvin tilanteisiin, joissa tarvitaan perusteellista selityst\u00e4.<\/p>\n

\u041e\u0431\u044a\u044f\u0441\u043d\u044f\u0442\u044c vs. \u041e\u0431\u044a\u044f\u0441\u043d\u0438\u0442\u044c<\/h3>\n

On my\u00f6s t\u00e4rke\u00e4\u00e4 huomata, ett\u00e4 ven\u00e4j\u00e4n kieless\u00e4 verbit voivat esiinty\u00e4 eri aspekteissa. \u041e\u0431\u044a\u044f\u0441\u043d\u044f\u0442\u044c<\/b> on imperfektiivinen verbi, joka tarkoittaa jatkuvaa tai toistuvaa toimintaa. Perfektiivinen muoto on \u043e\u0431\u044a\u044f\u0441\u043d\u0438\u0442\u044c<\/b>, joka tarkoittaa, ett\u00e4 selitt\u00e4minen on saatettu p\u00e4\u00e4t\u00f6kseen:<\/p>\n

– \u041e\u043d \u043e\u0431\u044a\u044f\u0441\u043d\u044f\u043b<\/b> \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0438\u043b\u043e \u043d\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e \u0440\u0430\u0437. (H\u00e4n selitti s\u00e4\u00e4nn\u00f6n useita kertoja.)
\n– \u041e\u043d \u043e\u0431\u044a\u044f\u0441\u043d\u0438\u043b<\/b> \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0438\u043b\u043e \u043e\u0434\u0438\u043d \u0440\u0430\u0437. (H\u00e4n selitti s\u00e4\u00e4nn\u00f6n kerran.)<\/p>\n

\u041f\u043e\u044f\u0441\u043d\u044f\u0442\u044c (poyasnyat’) – Selvent\u00e4minen<\/h2>\n

\u041f\u043e\u044f\u0441\u043d\u044f\u0442\u044c<\/b> on hieman v\u00e4hemm\u00e4n k\u00e4ytetty verbi, mutta sill\u00e4 on oma merkitt\u00e4v\u00e4 roolinsa. Se tarkoittaa jonkin asian selvent\u00e4mist\u00e4, tarkentamista tai valaisemista. Se sopii erityisesti tilanteisiin, joissa halutaan antaa lis\u00e4tietoa tai tarkennuksia jo annettuun selitykseen. Esimerkiksi:<\/p>\n

– \u041c\u043e\u0433\u0443 \u043b\u0438 \u044f \u043f\u043e\u044f\u0441\u043d\u0438\u0442\u044c<\/b> \u0441\u0432\u043e\u0439 \u043e\u0442\u0432\u0435\u0442? (Voinko selvent\u00e4\u00e4 vastaukseni?)
\n– \u0414\u043e\u043a\u043b\u0430\u0434\u0447\u0438\u043a \u043f\u043e\u044f\u0441\u043d\u0438\u043b<\/b> \u0441\u0432\u043e\u0438 \u0441\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0430. (Esitelm\u00f6itsij\u00e4 selvensi sanansa.)<\/p>\n

\u041f\u043e\u044f\u0441\u043d\u044f\u0442\u044c<\/b> korostaa siis selvent\u00e4mist\u00e4 ja tarkentamista. Se on hy\u00f6dyllinen verbi tilanteissa, joissa on jo annettu jonkinlainen selitys, mutta se kaipaa viel\u00e4 lis\u00e4tietoa tai tarkennusta.<\/p>\n

\u041f\u043e\u044f\u0441\u043d\u044f\u0442\u044c vs. \u041f\u043e\u044f\u0441\u043d\u0438\u0442\u044c<\/h3>\n

Samoin kuin \u043e\u0431\u044a\u044f\u0441\u043d\u044f\u0442\u044c<\/b>, my\u00f6s \u043f\u043e\u044f\u0441\u043d\u044f\u0442\u044c<\/b> on imperfektiivinen verbi, joka tarkoittaa jatkuvaa tai toistuvaa toimintaa. Perfektiivinen muoto on \u043f\u043e\u044f\u0441\u043d\u0438\u0442\u044c<\/b>, joka tarkoittaa, ett\u00e4 selvent\u00e4minen on saatettu p\u00e4\u00e4t\u00f6kseen:<\/p>\n

– \u041e\u043d \u043f\u043e\u044f\u0441\u043d\u044f\u043b<\/b> \u0441\u0432\u043e\u0438 \u0441\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0430 \u043d\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e \u0440\u0430\u0437. (H\u00e4n selvensi sanansa useita kertoja.)
\n– \u041e\u043d \u043f\u043e\u044f\u0441\u043d\u0438\u043b<\/b> \u0441\u0432\u043e\u0438 \u0441\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0430 \u043e\u0434\u0438\u043d \u0440\u0430\u0437. (H\u00e4n selvensi sanansa kerran.)<\/p>\n

\u041e\u0431\u044a\u044f\u0441\u043d\u044f\u0442\u044c vs. \u041f\u043e\u044f\u0441\u043d\u044f\u0442\u044c: K\u00e4yt\u00e4nn\u00f6n erot<\/h2>\n

Vaikka molemmat verbit tarkoittavat selitt\u00e4mist\u00e4, niiden k\u00e4yt\u00f6ss\u00e4 on eroja. \u041e\u0431\u044a\u044f\u0441\u043d\u044f\u0442\u044c<\/b> on yleisempi ja sit\u00e4 k\u00e4ytet\u00e4\u00e4n laajemmin erilaisissa selitystilanteissa. Se on hyv\u00e4 valinta, kun halutaan antaa perusteellinen selitys tai avata jokin uusi aihe tai k\u00e4site.<\/p>\n

\u041f\u043e\u044f\u0441\u043d\u044f\u0442\u044c<\/b> taas sopii paremmin tilanteisiin, joissa halutaan tarkentaa tai selvent\u00e4\u00e4 jo annettua selityst\u00e4. Se on ik\u00e4\u00e4n kuin lis\u00e4ys tai tarkennus aiempaan selitykseen.<\/p>\n

Esimerkkej\u00e4:<\/p>\n

– \u0423\u0447\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c \u043e\u0431\u044a\u044f\u0441\u043d\u044f\u0435\u0442<\/b> \u043d\u043e\u0432\u0443\u044e \u0442\u0435\u043c\u0443, \u0430 \u043f\u043e\u0442\u043e\u043c \u043f\u043e\u044f\u0441\u043d\u044f\u0435\u0442<\/b> \u0442\u0440\u0443\u0434\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043c\u043e\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u044b. (Opettaja selitt\u00e4\u00e4 uuden aiheen ja sitten selvent\u00e4\u00e4 vaikeat kohdat.)
\n– \u042f \u043e\u0431\u044a\u044f\u0441\u043d\u0438\u043b<\/b> \u0435\u043c\u0443, \u043a\u0430\u043a \u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043c\u043c\u043e\u0439, \u0438 \u043f\u043e\u044f\u0441\u043d\u0438\u043b<\/b>, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u0434\u0435\u043b\u0430\u0442\u044c, \u0435\u0441\u043b\u0438 \u0432\u043e\u0437\u043d\u0438\u043a\u043d\u0443\u0442 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0431\u043b\u0435\u043c\u044b. (Selitin h\u00e4nelle, miten ohjelmaa k\u00e4ytet\u00e4\u00e4n, ja selvensin, mit\u00e4 tehd\u00e4, jos ilmenee ongelmia.)<\/p>\n

Yhteenveto<\/h2>\n

Ven\u00e4j\u00e4n kieless\u00e4 on monia verbej\u00e4, jotka voivat n\u00e4ytt\u00e4\u00e4 ja kuulostaa samankaltaisilta, mutta joilla on hienovaraisia merkityseroja. \u041e\u0431\u044a\u044f\u0441\u043d\u044f\u0442\u044c<\/b> ja \u043f\u043e\u044f\u0441\u043d\u044f\u0442\u044c<\/b> ovat hyvi\u00e4 esimerkkej\u00e4 t\u00e4st\u00e4. Molemmat tarkoittavat selitt\u00e4mist\u00e4, mutta niiden k\u00e4ytt\u00f6tilanteet ja s\u00e4vyt eroavat toisistaan.<\/p>\n

\u041e\u0431\u044a\u044f\u0441\u043d\u044f\u0442\u044c<\/b> on yleisempi ja laajemmin k\u00e4ytetty verbi, joka tarkoittaa perusteellista selitt\u00e4mist\u00e4 ja ymm\u00e4rrett\u00e4v\u00e4ksi tekemist\u00e4. \u041f\u043e\u044f\u0441\u043d\u044f\u0442\u044c<\/b> taas tarkoittaa selvent\u00e4mist\u00e4 ja tarkentamista, ja sit\u00e4 k\u00e4ytet\u00e4\u00e4n tilanteissa, joissa halutaan antaa lis\u00e4tietoa tai tarkennuksia jo annettuun selitykseen.<\/p>\n

N\u00e4iden verbien erojen ymm\u00e4rt\u00e4minen ja oikean k\u00e4yt\u00f6n harjoitteleminen auttaa sinua saavuttamaan paremman kielitaidon ja kommunikoimaan tarkemmin ja selke\u00e4mmin ven\u00e4j\u00e4ksi. Muista, ett\u00e4 kielten oppiminen<\/a> on prosessi, joka vaatii aikaa ja harjoittelua, joten \u00e4l\u00e4 lannistu, jos et heti muista kaikkia eroja. 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