في اللغة الإنجليزية، تُعَد الجمل الوصفية أو ما تُعرَف بـ “Relative Clauses” من العناصر الهامة التي تُستخدم لربط الجمل وإعطاء المزيد من المعلومات حول الأشخاص أو الأشياء في الجملة. تُمكننا هذه الجمل من تجنب التكرار وتحسين تدفق الجمل داخل النص. سنتعرف في هذا المقال على أنواع الجمل الوصفية وكيفية استخدامها في اللغة الإنجليزية.
تأتي الجمل الوصفية بشكلين أساسيين: الجمل الوصفية المحددة “Defining Relative Clauses” والتي تعطي معلومات ضرورية عن الموضوع، والجمل الوصفية غير المحددة “Non-defining Relative Clauses” والتي تضيف معلومات إضافية غير ضرورية. هذه التمارين ستساعدكم في فهم كيفية استخدامها وتكوين جمل صحيحة.
تمرين 1: اختر الضمير الوصفي المناسب
The woman *who* (who/whom) lives next door is a doctor.
That’s the book *that* (that/which) I told you about.
I have a friend *whose* (whose/who’s) brother works in a bank.
The cake, *which* (which/that) she made from scratch, was delicious.
They just visited the museum *that* (that/which) opened last month.
The car *that* (that/which) he bought is very fast.
The phone *which* (which/that) I lost has been found.
She has a nephew *who* (who/whom) is an actor.
The artists *whose* (whose/who’s) works are on display are very talented.
This is the song *that* (that/which) always makes me happy.
The paintings, *which* (which/that) were stolen, have been recovered.
The house *where* (where/which) she was born was demolished.
The company *for which* (for which/that) I work is expanding overseas.
Everyone *who* (who/whom) applied for the job was interviewed.
The dog *that* (that/which) is barking is very loud.
تمرين 2: املأ الفراغ باستخدام ضمير وصفي مناسب
The boy *who* (who) helped the old man was very kind.
I don’t like stories *that* (that) have sad endings.
He is talking to the lady *whom* (whom) he met yesterday.
We watched a movie *which* (which) was based on a true story.
The building *where* (where) the concert took place was huge.
The author *whose* (whose) books I admire is coming to town.
I just read an interesting article *which* (which) discusses healthy eating habits.
She accepted the job offer *that* (that) she received last week.
Do you remember the teacher *who* (who) gave us the difficult exam?
Can you see the cat *which* (which) is lying on the roof?
They stayed at the hotel *whose* (whose) owner is a famous chef.
The necklace *which* (which) she is wearing is made of gold.
The actor *whom* (whom) we saw at the theater is in that TV show.
The car, *which* (which) was a gift from her parents, is very economical.
There are moments in life *that* (that) we never forget.
