تُعتبر الجمل المشتقة باستخدام صيغ المشاركة (Participle Clauses) واحدة من القواعد الأساسية في اللغة الإنجليزية، حيث تُستخدم للجمع بين جملتين أو أكثر بطريقة مُختصرة دون الحاجة إلى تكرار الفاعل أو الفعل. تتيح هذه الجمل للمتحدث إيصال المعلومة بشكل دقيق ومركز، وتُعطي النص تنوعًا وغنى في التراكيب اللغوية.
هناك نوعان رئيسيان لصيغ المشاركة: الماضي (Past Participle) والحاضر (Present Participle). يُستخدم الماضي للتعبير عن الفعل المنتهي والحاضر للتعبير عن الفعل الجاري. ستتم ممارسة هذه القواعد من خلال تمارين تكملة الجمل التالية بحيث يقوم الطالب بإيجاد شكل المشاركة الصحيح لكل جملة.
تمرين على جمل المشاركة الحالية (Present Participle)
1. *Looking* (look) out the window, she saw the children playing in the garden.
2. The cat sat on the mat, *purring* (purr) contentedly.
3. *Carrying* (carry) all those bags, John was out of breath by the time he arrived home.
4. She lay in bed, *listening* (listen) to the rain tapping on the window.
5. *Feeling* (feel) hungry, he went to the kitchen to make a sandwich.
6. The family stood watching the fireworks, *oohing* (ooh) and *aahing* (aah) at every burst of color.
7. He crossed the finish line, *exhausted* (exhaust) but victorious.
8. *Hoping* (hope) for the best, the students waited for their test results.
9. *Frowning* (frown), the teacher looked at the student who had interrupted the class.
10. *Lying* (lie) in the sun, she felt completely relaxed for the first time in weeks.
11. *Taking* (take) a deep breath, he stepped onto the stage to give his speech.
12. The documentary started with images of dolphins, *leaping* (leap) out of the water.
13. *Having* (have) finished his homework, he turned on the video game.
14. *Shaking* (shake) her head, she couldn’t believe what she was hearing.
15. I heard someone *whistling* (whistle) a tune as they walked down the street.
تمرين على جمل المشاركة الماضية (Past Participle)
1. *Opened* (open) by the mayor, the new library welcomed its first visitors.
2. The movie, *directed* (direct) by a famous filmmaker, was a huge success.
3. The book *written* (write) by the award-winning author was adapted into a film.
4. *Destroyed* (destroy) by the storm, the old barn needed to be rebuilt.
5. *Shocked* (shock) by the news, she sat in silence for a long moment.
6. The course, *designed* (design) for beginners, starts next week.
7. *Caught* (catch) in the act, the thief tried to escape.
8. *Frightened* (frighten) by the loud noise, the cat hid under the bed.
9. *Accompanied* (accompany) by his lawyer, he entered the courtroom.
10. The window, *broken* (break) during the storm, was quickly repaired.
11. The walls, *covered* (cover) in graffiti, needed a fresh coat of paint.
12. *Driven* (drive) by curiosity, she opened the old book.
13. The flowers, *watered* (water) every morning, bloomed beautifully.
14. *Inspired* (inspire) by nature, the artist created stunning landscapes.
15. The house, *surrounded* (surround) by trees, looked like something out of a fairy tale.
